KPV is a naturally occurring tripeptide consisting of three amino acids—lysine, proline, and valine—representing the C-terminal sequence of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Despite lacking the melanocortin receptor binding activity of its parent molecule, KPV retains powerful anti-inflammatory properties through distinct mechanisms involving NF-κB inhibition and direct interaction with inflammatory pathways. Research has demonstrated its efficacy in models of colitis, contact dermatitis, and systemic inflammation, with particular promise for inflammatory bowel disease applications. The peptide’s small size and stability make it amenable to various delivery routes including oral administration, representing a significant advantage for gut-targeting applications.